Self-Correct as You Read
RF.4.4
Read the text, then answer the questions.
The Accidental Photograph
In 1895 Wilhelm Röntgen was working with a covered tube in a darkened room when he noticed a screen across the laboratory glowing. Something was passing through the cover and crossing the room. He did not know what it was, so he called it X — the unknown. He spent seven weeks alone in the laboratory testing it. He put wood, rubber and metal in the way. Metal stopped it; the rest did not. Then he asked his wife to put her hand between the tube and a photographic plate. The picture showed the bones of her hand and her wedding ring. Within a year, X-rays were being used in hospitals. Röntgen refused to patent them.
- 1. What does "patent" mean?
- 2. What is a "photographic plate"?
- 3. Why did he call them X-rays?
- 4. Which material stopped the rays?
What a Beaver Dam Does
A beaver does not build a dam for shelter. It builds one to make a pond, and it lives in a lodge in the pond. The dam raises the water so the lodge entrance stays underwater. A predator that cannot swim cannot get in. But the pond does far more than protect one family. Behind a dam, water slows, and slow water drops the silt it carries. Over years this builds rich wet ground. That ground holds water in a drought and holds it back in a flood. It supports plants, insects, amphibians and birds that were not there before. Where beavers have been reintroduced, the number of species in a valley typically rises within five years.
- 1. What is "silt"?
- 2. Why does a beaver build a dam?
- 3. What keeps a predator out of the lodge?
- 4. How soon does species number typically rise after beavers return?
LessonPrint · RF.4.4 · Set 21 · free to copy for classroom use