A Speaker's Claims and Support
SL.5.3
Read the text, then answer the questions.
The Mill: The Local Paper, June 1980
Whately's Mill closed on Friday with the loss of 214 jobs, the largest single closure in the town since the war. The mill had run since 1868. At its height it employed more than 600. Mr Whately declined to say when he had known the closure was certain. The Chamber of Commerce has called for a public inquiry; the union has called the closure "predictable for two years". The council says a retraining fund will open in September. Four other textile mills within twenty miles have closed since 1975. Nobody the paper spoke to expected the site to be used for textiles again.
- 1. Two organisations react. Identify which reason belongs to which.
- 2. Quote accurately the union's description of the closure.
- 3. What is this report's purpose, and how does it differ from the accounts?
What Sleep Is For
Sleep is not switching off. Parts of the brain are busier asleep than awake. Two claims are well supported. The first is that sleep consolidates memory: during deep sleep, the day's experiences are replayed and moved from short-term storage into long-term. Interrupt deep sleep and recall of the previous day drops measurably. The second is that sleep clears waste. The spaces between brain cells widen during sleep, and fluid washes through, removing proteins that build up while awake. A third claim — that a particular number of hours suits everybody — is not supported. Need varies with age and between individuals, and self-reported sleep is unreliable. Teenagers are a special case. Their body clocks genuinely shift later at puberty, which is a biological fact rather than a preference, and school start times mostly ignore it.
- 1. Quote accurately the words the author uses to reject the third claim.
- 2. What is the author's purpose, and how do you know?
- 3. Three claims are made. Identify which evidence supports which, and which has none.
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