Living With the Land
D2.Geo.8.3-5
Read each information text, then answer the questions.
The Tlingit and the Northwest Coast
An information text written for this worksheet. The Tlingit live along the coast and islands of southeastern Alaska, where thick forests of cedar and spruce grow beside the sea. Rain falls often, and the ocean and rivers are full of fish. Every summer, salmon swim up the rivers to lay their eggs. Tlingit families have long caught and dried salmon to eat through the winter. Because the forests had huge, straight trees, the Tlingit built large plank houses of wood, where several related families lived. They carved canoes from single logs to travel the coast. Totem poles carved from cedar tell the histories of families and clans. Today many Tlingit communities have their own tribal governments.
- 1. When do salmon swim up the rivers?
- 2. Why did the Tlingit travel by canoe?
- 3. Why did Tlingit families dry salmon in summer?
The Hopi and the Desert Mesas
An information text written for this worksheet. The Hopi live on high, dry mesas in what is now northeastern Arizona. Mesas are flat-topped hills with steep sides. Some Hopi villages, such as Oraibi, have been lived in for more than 800 years. Houses are built of stone and adobe, which is mud mixed with straw. Their thick walls stay cool in the hot sun and hold warmth on cold nights. Very little rain falls, so Hopi farmers plant corn deep in sandy soil, where it can reach water left by melted snow and summer rain. Many fields are at the foot of the mesas, where rainwater runs off the rock. Corn is at the center of Hopi life, in food and in ceremonies. The Hopi Tribe has its own government today.
- 1. What is a mesa?
- 2. How long has Oraibi been lived in?
- 3. Why is corn so important to the Hopi?
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