Living With the Land
D2.Geo.8.3-5
Read each information text, then answer the questions.
The Lakota and the Great Plains
An information text written for this worksheet. The Lakota are one of the nations of the Great Plains, a wide grassland in the middle of North America. After horses arrived on the Plains in the 1700s, many Lakota bands followed the great herds of bison across the grasslands. The bison gave them almost everything they needed: meat for food, hides for clothing and for the covers of their tipis, and bones for tools. A tipi could be taken down and packed in a short time, so a whole camp could move with the herds. In winter, camps stayed in sheltered river valleys, out of the wind. In the late 1800s, hunters from the United States killed millions of bison, and the Lakota lost much of their land. Today the Lakota have their own governments, and many live on reservations in South Dakota and North Dakota.
- 1. Why did Lakota life become much harder in the late 1800s?
- 2. Why did many Lakota bands move across the grasslands?
- 3. How did horses change Lakota life?
The Hopi and the Desert Mesas
An information text written for this worksheet. The Hopi live on high, dry mesas in what is now northeastern Arizona. Mesas are flat-topped hills with steep sides. Some Hopi villages, such as Oraibi, have been lived in for more than 800 years. Houses are built of stone and adobe, which is mud mixed with straw. Their thick walls stay cool in the hot sun and hold warmth on cold nights. Very little rain falls, so Hopi farmers plant corn deep in sandy soil, where it can reach water left by melted snow and summer rain. Many fields are at the foot of the mesas, where rainwater runs off the rock. Corn is at the center of Hopi life, in food and in ceremonies. The Hopi Tribe has its own government today.
- 1. Why do Hopi farmers plant corn deep in the soil?
- 2. Why are thick walls useful on the mesas?
- 3. Why is corn so important to the Hopi?
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